Wednesday, February 16, 2011

Firefox browser tips and tricks

Firefox is one of the favourite browser of many of us.We have been using it from years.Firefox 1.0 was released in November 2004.But still most of us are not aware of some of the coolest firefox tricks that will really enhance the browsing experience with this wonderful browser.I have collected my favourite and Coolest 7 Firefox tricks.
So here are the best 7 Tricks for firefox browser

  1. More space on the screen: Using smaller icons will get more space on the screen within the browser. To do this go to: View>Toolbars>Customize>Click on “Use small icons.
  1. Use keywords : You can make your search a bit faster by customizing the Firefox search bar.It is best to use for frequently visited sites, such as Wikipedia.com
Open wikipedia.com and Right click search bar of wikipedia. Now you will see a option to Add keyword for this search click on it and enter  an easy keyword that you can remember, for example, “wiki
firefox  7 Coolest Tricks for firefox browser
Now,When you want something on wikipedia, type Wiki in Firefox address Bar followed by your search term.
Like :wiki human history
When you press Enter key it will search wikipedia for human history and show you the results.
You can do this for any search box on any website.

  1. Keyboard shortcuts: Firefox has several shortcuts to make more practical use:
  • Spacebar (scroll down the page)
  • Shift + Spacebar (scroll up the page)
  • Ctrl + F (find words on the page)
  • Alt + N (find next word)
  • Ctrl + D (bookmark)
  • Ctrl + T (new tab)
  • Ctrl + K (go to the search bar)
  • Ctrl + L (go to address bar)
  • Ctrl + = (increase text size)
  • Ctrl + – (decrease text size)
  • Ctrl + W (close tab)
  • F5 (refresh)
  • Alt + Home (go to the home page)
  1. AutoComplete:We can access web pages just by putting the name without having to put  ”www” or “.com / net / org / ….” Just putting for example “pctipstricks” and pressing shift + Enter will add the “.net” at the end automatically.For”.com“  press Ctrl + Enter for “.Org” press Ctrl + Shift + Enter.

  1. Navigation between tabs, you can also use the Keyboard keys to navigate between tabs.
  • Ctrl + Tab (move tab)
  • Ctrl + Shft + Tab (back tab)
  • Ctrl +1-9 (skip to the tab number x)

  1. Mouse Shortcuts: Besides keyboard shortcuts exist, there are also using the mouse:
  • Central-click on a link (open a new tab)
  • Shift + Wheel up (previous page)
  • Shift + Wheel down (next page)
  • Ctrl-Wheel up (decrease text size)
  • Ctrl-wheel down (increase text size)
  • Central-click on a tab (closes tab)

  1. Delete history items from the address bar: Just choose by selecting the page you want to delete and press the Delete button

How to improve your communication skills

Overcome hesitation by asking for "Ungettable" things at shops

If you are very sensitive or just a painful perfectionist, This exercise will set you free. Because of my huge ego, I had a "need to be right all the time" syndrome. Once I started this exercise, it was so revealing and relaxing. All you have to do is approach random people and ask for an opinion or visit shops and ask for things they wont have.

 Once I was feeling really stuck while solving a problem and wanted to  break away from the feeling. This is what I did to feel unstuck. I went to a Food Joint and asked for a Haircut! My heart was beating fast and I was sweating.
The waiter was confused so I asked again " Can I get a haircut?"
He said "Sorry we don't do that here".
 I said "ok. Thank you" and ran away. It was fun.

Now many of my colleagues and friends do it when they find themselves stuck in a situation. I don't know why it works. But I can tell you, it does wonders in improving your communication skills.


Learn a New Language.

Language is one of the greatest gifts to humans and probably all our progress is due to the fact we can speak and understand each other.The unfortunate side effect is that people are getting into more and more linguistically created barriers. It is not as complicated as it sounds

An example can help you.

You ask some one "Do you like reading books?" and they may say "No, I have never liked reading books". So this person is binding himself to not liking books for ever. How could he have broken this spell?

Well by saying something like "no, till now, I have not liked reading books."

That gives him a chance to like books at least in future. To come out of such binding linguistics, I suggest you learn new language.
It will refresh your existing language connections in the brain and improve communication skills in many ways.
Something like deleting the temporary internet files and refreshing the browser page for faster access to the web pages.

The Rewrite Rewire Effect

Language is just like your Face. It Expresses your emotion. We all get used to seeing different expressions on face but, forget to do so with our language. This exercise will go a long way in developing flexibility of language and develop your communication.

Take a 500 word article and rewrite it to express different emotions i.e. the whole article should reflect only one emotion. The more you can express with lesser words, the better. The idea is to make you juggle your language on demand. In turn this will flex up your brain and fire your imagination.


The Left and Right Co-ordination Exercise

Do the left and right coordination exercise to activate your creative abilities by making use of your non dominant hand.

Principle: The Creative functions are controlled by Right Half of your Brain. Right Brain also controls the left part of your Body. When you want to make use of the best of both worlds and when you want to improve communication skills, keep them synchronized.

Ninety percent of population is Right Handed and do not use their Left hand as much. Use your Left hand to do some of the basic things like Brushing your teeth and Eating. Engage your left hand in skillful work. This will start to activate your Right Brain functions  .

As you become comfortable with the simple activities, take it to the next level by  writing with Left hand. These activities will sufficiently increase the dormant power of your Right Brain. If you are left handed, do the same with right hand. The exercises are given in the order of difficulty. Feel free to tear it apart and do it any way you want. There are no rules for creativity.

The aim of these activities is to improve communication skills by improving your right-left brain synchronization.

Bottom line: Do things differently. it will improve your communication skills

1. Brush your teeth with Left Hand
2. Use only Left hand to Eat Food, but make sure you wash it thoroughly before you eat :-)
3. Draw with your Left hand.
4. Start mirror writing with right hand
5. Learn to write with left hand
6. Learn to write with left hand and right hand simultaneously

There is a lot more you can do. Let your creativity run and you will come up with some new ideas to take your communication to a whole new level!. To improve communication skills constantly is like sharpening your sword

How to know the senders original IP address by using an email

So you'd like to to find out just who is sending those email love letters, determine the sender of a blackmail message, or just root out the source of a virus emailed to you. There are indeed many such situations where you would like to know who sent a particular email message to you. This article will teach you how to use "Email Headers" to backtrack and find the original sender's IP address. Don't worry, it's not rocket science. If it were, SPAM would still only be canned meat and an amusing Monty Python skit!

Theory...

     Email messages, as in the case of their non-electronic cousins, have "envelopes" of a sort. In the case of email the envelope is composed of a series of "Headers". These are just a series of lines of characters which precede the actual email message. Email programs such as Outlook do not normally display these Headers when displaying a message. From these Headers however, the email program is able to extract important information about the message, such as the message encoding method, the creation date, the message subject, the sender and receiver, etc.
     Moreover, just as a postal envelope contains an address, a return address and the cancellation stamp of the post office of origin, an email message in these "Headers" carries with it a history of its journey to your email inbox. Because of this, it's possible to determine the original IP address of the sender.
     Since email programs do not normally display these Headers, we must first learn how to display them. Depending on the program, this is done in a variety of ways. The following sequence details the way to do this using the Windows default email program, "Outlook Express".
First, select "Properties" from the "File" Menu, or just press ALT+Enter. Next, select the "Details" tab.
Open Outlook Express menu to see email headers
Open Outlook Express menu to see email headers
Show email headers in Outlook Express
Headers in Outlook Express
     Here's how to view the Headers in the Microsoft Office version of Outlook:

  • Open a message.
  • On the View menu, click Options.
    Note:If you do not see the Options command, make sure you click View on the toolbar in an open message window. The View menu on the standard Outlook toolbar does not have the Options command.
  • The Header information appears under the Delivery options in the Internet Headers box.
Tracing headers in MS Office Outlook
Headers in MS Office
     See how to show email headers in Yahoo, HotMail, Gmail, and AOL web mail.
     As you can see on these pictures, a Header consists of two sections separated by a colon ":". The first part is the Header's name. The second is the Header's data. In the case of postal mail, in principle, it is possible to write any kind of information (c/o, suite or apartment number, etc.) into the address information. Similarly email Headers can include any kind of information also. Usually however, an email Header will contain at least the following basic Header information:
Header Name
Header Data
Sample
To: The name and email address of the recipient To: "John Doe" <JohnDoe@hotmail.com>
From: The name and email address of the sender From: "Alice Smith"<alice123@aol.com>
Date: Date the message was created Date: 1 Nov 2004 22:49:20 -0000
Subject: The subject of the message which follows the Headers Subject: How are you?
Return-Path: The email address for responding to the message Return-Path: <alice.smith@anydomain.com>
Received: Delivery stamp Received: from [67.66.123.205]
     by web41013.mail.yahoo.com via HTTP; Sun, 25 Apr 2004 23:13:34 PDT
     In some cases, a number of these Headers may not be necessary.
     To determine the address of origin, special attention must be paid to the 'Received:' Headers. These Headers are selected on our screenshot illustration. 'Received' Headers have the following format:
  Received: from [computer name and/or IP address from sender]
         by [server name] (maybe Internet protocol too); date.

Sample:
   Received: from [67.66.123.205]
         by web41013.mail.yahoo.com via HTTP; Sun, 25 Apr 2004 23:13:34 PDT

      Briefly this means that the server web41013.mail.yahoo.com received the message from the IP address 67.66.123.205 on the 25th of April 2004, at 11:13:34 pm PDT via the HTTP protocol (i.e. through the web).
     So, we have observed, it is from the 'Received' Header that we retrieve the IP address or domain name. Using this IP address, Active Whoisis able to look up additional information such as associated postal and email addresses. You can easily select and copy the IP address from the Outlook Internet Headers box by using CTRL-C to place it on the clipboard.
     We are faced with an additional problem however. Email messages frequently contain more than one 'Received' Headers. How can we know which of these several Headers contains the originating IP address belonging to the sender? 'Received' Headers are appended to the front of the email message as it travels through the internet to your email inbox. The flow diagram below will show you how these 'Received' Headers are appended to the message as we travel backwards from the receiver to the sender:
email receiver      The Recipient's mailbox receives his message from his POP3 or webmail server. No new 'Received' Header is added at this stage.
Headers from the top of Headers sequence:
email server      The Recipient's email server (POP3, Yahoo, Hotmail, etc.) receives the email message from the original sender's server. (e.g. bay15.hotmail.msn.com)
  • A 'Received: from [sender mail server] by [recipient mail server]' field is appended to the top of the current sequence of Header strings.
  • Any previous 'Received' Headers will appear below this new one .
  • The newest 'Received:' Header at the top of the sequence of Headers now contains the IP address belonging to the email server of the sender; (e.g. Hotmail.com) It is not the true IP address of the sender himself.
Received: from bay15.hotmail.com (HELO hotmail.com) (65.54.185.39)
     by mail2.aol.com with SMTP; 30 Sep 2004 02:27:02 -0000
arrow down
email server      The sender's email server receives an email message from the sender's computer.
  • The first 'Received' Header containing the true IP address of the sender(e.g. 203.172.49.180), is appended to the message, appearing now at the very top of the sequence of Headers.
  • As the message travels over the Internet, new 'Received' fields will be appended to the top of the sequence of Headers. This means that the sender's actual IP address will always be in the very bottommost "Received:" Header.
Received: from 203.172.49.180 by bay15.hotmail.msn.com with HTTP;
     Thu, 30 Sep 2004 02:26:37 GMT
arrow down
email sender      The Sender sends an email message to his own email server to begin its journey to the receiver. A common Headers strings is created. From: "John Doe" <JohnDoe@hotmail.com>
To: "Alice Smith"<alice123@aol.com>
Subject: Nice meeting!
Date: Thu, 30 Sep 2004 02:26:37 +0000
     There are other possible variations in email routing. Your Email Service Provider (or the provider of the sender) may use several 'pass-through' email servers and these servers can add several 'Received' Headers. Also, if you and the sender use the same server, the message will have only one 'Received' Header.

Practice... or tips for traps

     Unfortunately there are those who for various reasons want to conceal their IP address from the message receiver. About 95% of Internet email is composed of spam, viruses and other types of illicit material. Most spammers use clever tricks to hide their true IP address. They can, for example, place fake 'Received' headers into the email headers. They might look something like the following:
Received: from %RNDUCCHAR1524 (j236.128.26.76.%RNDLCCHAR15357.ti.yahoo.com 96.208.178.254)
     by mail08.t.yahoo.com (47.1.777akv719/%RNDDIGIT12.4.50) with SMTP id fwf54N4Wnto%RNDDIGIT15;
     Wed, 06 Oct 2004 09:22:39 +0500
     In this example, symbols such as %RNDDIGIT12 or %RNDLCCHAR15357 seem like instructions to a mass-mailer application to insert RaNDom CHARacters or DIGITS to confuse you as well as your anti-spam filter. In this case, the true sender IP could be in the first 'Received' Header, that is, the one that was inserted by your email service provider's email server, because most spammers send their messages directly to your mailbox without using any intermediate servers. In this case only one of the 'received' Headers can be the one we're looking for. Once we find it, we can conclude that all of the others are fake.
     We may safely conclude that since there are often several 'Received' headers in an email message, servers deliver email using a 'chained' process. For that reason the sender indicated in the current 'Received' Header should always correspond directly to the server indicated in the previous Received' Header!
     It is also useful to check the DNS of senders by using Active Whois. 'Received:' Headers with random domain names will never resolve to random IP addresses.
     While viruses have not yet attained this level of deviousness, you can easily retrieve the IP address administrator email from Active Whois and quickly stem a new virus outbreak by warning the administrator that someone sent numerous viruses to you using his server.
Some additional facts in conclusion:
     There is a useful Header: 'X-Mailer' that not only specifies the email program of the sender, but allows you to indicate what message was originally sent by the email bot, and whether this Header is currently missing from the message.
     The email address of sender can be easily faked. The SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) by which email is handled, allows this deception because it doesn't verify all Headers such as the 'From' Header that contains email address of sender.

A new device for 100% humidification of inspired air

Introduction:
Devices for active humidification of the inspired air in mechanically ventilated patients cause water condensation in the ventilator tubing, which may become contaminated or interfere with the function of the ventilator. The present study describes and tests the performance of a new humidifier, which is designed to eliminate water condensation.
Objectives:
To test the performance of the new humidifier at different ventilator settings in a lung model, and to compare this new humidifier with a conventional active humidifier in ventilator-treated critically ill patients.
Materials and methods:
The humidifier (Humid-Heat; Louis Gibeck AB, Upplands Väsby, Sweden) consists of a supply unit with a microprocessor and a water pump, and a humidification device, which is placed between the Y-piece and the endotracheal tube. The humidification device is based on a hygroscopic heat-moisture exchanger (HME), which absorbs the expired heat and moisture and releases it into the inspired gas. External heat and water are then added to the patient side of the HME, so the inspired gas should reach 100% humidity at 37°C (44 mg H2O/l air). The external water is delivered to the humidification device via a pump onto a wick and then evaporated into the inspired air by an electrical heater. The microprocessor controls the water pump and the heater by an algorithm using the minute ventilation (which is fed into the microprocessor) and the airway temperature measured by a sensor mounted in the flex-tube on the patient side of the humidification device.
The performance characteristics were tested in a lung model ventilated with a constant flow (inspiratory:expiratory ratio 1:2, rate 12–20 breaths/min and a minute ventilation of 3–25 l/min) or with a decelerating flow (inspiratory:expiratory ratio 1:2, rate 12–15 breaths/min and a minute ventilation of 4.7–16.4 l/min). The device was also tested prospectively and in a randomized order compared with a conventional active humidifier (Fisher & Paykel MR730, Auckland, New Zealand) in eight mechanically ventilated, endotracheally intubated patients in the intensive care unit. The test period with each device was 24 h. The amount of fluid consumed and the amount of water in the water traps were measured. The number of times that the water traps were emptied, changes of machine filters, the suctions and quality of secretions, nebulizations, and the amount of saline instillations and endotracheal tube obstruction were recorded. In order to evaluate increased expiratory resistance due to the device, the airway pressure was measured at the end of a prolonged end-expiratory pause at 1 h of use and at the end of the test, and was compared with the corresponding pressure before the experiment. The body temperature of the patient was measured before and after the test of each device.
Results:
Both with constant flow and decelerating flow, the Humid-Heat gave an absolute humidity of 41–44 mgH2O/l at 37°C, with the lower level at the highest ventilation. In the patients, both Humid-Heat and the conventional active humidifier (MR730) maintained temperatures, indicating that they provided the intended heat and moisture to the inspired air. With both devices, the body temperature was maintained during the test period. There was no difference in the amount of secretions, the quality of the secretions and the frequency of suctions, saline instillations or nebulizations between the test periods with the two devices. There was no endotracheal tube obstruction, and after 1 h of use and at the end of the test no increased airway resistance was found with either device. When the MR730 was used, however, the water traps needed to be emptied six to 14 (mean eight) times (total amount of fluid in the traps was 100–300 ml) and the machine filters were changed two to six (mean four) times due to an excessive amount of condensed water with flow obstruction. No condensation of water was found in the tubing with the Humid-Heat. The water consumption was 23–65 ml/h (mean 30 ml/h) with the MR730 and 4–8 ml/h (mean 6 ml/h) with the Humid-Heat (P < 0.0008). The same relations were found when the water consumption was corrected for differences in minute ventilation.
Discussion:
The new humidifier, the Humid-Heat, gave an absolute humidity of 41–44 mg/l at 37°C in the bench tests. The tests in ventilated patients showed that the device was well tolerated and that condensation in the tubing was eliminated. There was no need to empty water traps. The test period was too short to evaluate whether the new device had any other advantages or disadvantages compared with conventional humidifiers.